How to make a contour plot
- Copy the three numeric columns X, Y and Z together with the header (one row = one measurement point).
- Click the column header (A) in the data table and paste - the first line becomes the column name. You can also open a CSV or Excel file.
- Choose the X-axis, Y-axis and Z (contour value) columns.
- Press Draw and use the color bands, contour lines and color bar to find the high and low regions.
What is a contour plot?
A contour plot shows the value (Z) at each position (X, Y) of a plane with lines joining equal values (contours) and colors. Like the contour lines on a map it reveals peaks (high values) and valleys (low values) at a glance, which makes it popular for studying how two process conditions affect a result.
How it is calculated
The points are joined by a Delaunay triangulation, and values inside each triangle are linearly interpolated from its three corners (the same method as matplotlib tricontourf). Contour levels split the Z range into about 14 tidy steps, colored with the viridis colormap.
The area outside the points (outside their convex hull) is not filled.
How to read a contour plot
- Bright (yellow) areas have high Z and dark (purple) areas low Z. The closer the contour lines, the faster the value changes.
- The automatic interpretation looks at how Z relates to the distance from the data center (R² of 0.3 or more) and reports whether the center or the edges are higher.
- Contours where points are sparse are interpolated and may differ from reality - measure that area more if needed.
Frequently asked questions
Does my data need to be on a grid?
No. Scattered points are fine. Each row needs X, Y and Z values; rows with any blank are skipped.
How many points do I need?
The plot works from 3 points, but 20 or more are recommended to see the shape.
What appears when I hover?
The magnet cursor snaps to the nearest actual point and shows its X, Y and Z values.
Is my data sent to a server?
No. Everything is processed inside your browser and nothing is transmitted or stored.
Other chart tools
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